David Bastviken, et al. Freshwater Methane Emissions Offset the Continental Carbon Sink.Science, 2011, 331(6013): 50 (doi:10.1126/science.1196808)A comerstone of our understanding of the contemporary global carbon cycle is that the terrestrial land surface is an important greenhouse gas (GHG) sink (1, 2). The global land sink is estimated to be 2.6 T 1.7 Pg of C year?1 (variability T range, excluding C emissions because of deforestation) (1). Lakes, impoundments, and rivers are parts of the terrestrial landscape, but they have not yet been included in the terrestrial GHG balance (3, 4). A...
發(fā)布時(shí)間:
2012
-
02
-
20
瀏覽次數:54
IAEA同位素水文研究組的2011年第29期實(shí)事通訊刊載文章,介紹使用LGR公司的水汽同位素分析儀(WVIA)和水汽同位素校準源(WVISS)進(jìn)行水汽同位素的連續測量。Data Sets for Simultaneous Water Vapour and Rain Sampling Used in Modelling EffortsBy N.Kurita(IAEA)The Isotope Hydrology Section has been testing a newly available automated precipitation sampler to obtain short term isotopic data on precipitation and a laser spectroscopy analyzer for water vapour isotope analysis.IntroductionThe reliability of model based future climate scenarios described in the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) assessment report depends on how these models can simulate the ob...
發(fā)布時(shí)間:
2012
-
02
-
20
瀏覽次數:40
2010年5月,NOAA官方網(wǎng)站刊載了由美國LGR公司、科羅拉多大學(xué)、NOAA地球系統研究實(shí)驗室研究人員的共同研究成果,應用基于專(zhuān)利的OA-ICOS技術(shù)的LGR N2O/CO激光光譜分析儀(908-0014),對大氣中的N2O和CO濃度進(jìn)行長(cháng)期監測。研究表明,N2O/CO分析儀的1秒測量精度為N2O:0.09 ppbv / CO:0.14 ppbv,長(cháng)期精度則優(yōu)于0.04 ppbv.詳細信息鏈接:http://www.esrl.noaa.gov/gmd/annualconference/previous/2010/abs.php?refnum=114-100331-B
發(fā)布時(shí)間:
2012
-
01
-
09
瀏覽次數:41
Boundary-Layer Meteorol (2010) 137:307–326 Determining the Oxygen Isotope Composition of Evapotranspiration Using Eddy Covariance采用渦度相關(guān)法確定蒸散的氧同位素組成 T. J. Griffis, S. D. Sargent , X. Lee, J. M. Baker J. Greene M. Erickson X. Zhang etc. 摘要:The oxygen isotope composition of evapotranspiration (δF) represents an important tracer in the study of biosphere–atmosphere interactions, hydrology, paleoclimate, and carbon cycling. Results are presented from laboratory experiments and field measurements in agricultural ecosystems. The field measurements were obtained during the g...
發(fā)布時(shí)間:
2012
-
01
-
09
瀏覽次數:36
生長(cháng)季期間大氣中羰基硫(COS或OCS)的光合控制Photosynthetic Control of Atmospheric Carbonyl Sulfide During the Growing Season J. E. Campbell,1*? G. R. Carmichael,2 T. Chai,3 M. Mena-Carrasco,4,5 Y. Tang,2 D. R. Blake,6N. J. Blake,6 S. A. Vay,7 G. J. Collatz,8 I. Baker,9 J. A. Berry,10 S. A. Montzka,11 C. Sweeney,12 J. L. Schnoor,1 C. O. Stanier2 SCIENCE VOL 322 14 NOVEMBER 2008 摘要:氣候模型結合了光合與氣候的反饋機制,然而我們缺乏對這些過(guò)程的大尺度的完全評估工具。近來(lái)的工作表明,羰基硫(COS)作為植物可吸收利用的痕量氣體,可以提供對光合作用的重要指示因子。本文我們采用了三維大氣傳輸模型分析了北美生長(cháng)季節期間COS和CO2的大氣觀(guān)測數據。我們成功能夠使用了COS和光合作用之間的量化關(guān)系(植物生長(cháng)室測...
發(fā)布時(shí)間:
2011
-
11
-
17
瀏覽次數:86
植物與土壤水同位素測量的光譜污染與修正 Natalie M. Schultz1*, Timothy J. Griffis1, Xuhui Lee2, John M. Baker1,3 1 Department of Soil, Water, and Climate, University of Minnesota, St. Paul, MN, USA2 School of Forestry and Environmental Studies, Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA3 Agricultural Research Service, United States Department of Agriculture, St. Paul, MN, USA*Correspondence to N.M. Schultz, Department of Soil, Water, and Climate, University of Minnesota 摘要Abstract植物水分抽提可能包含能引起同位素光譜測量干擾的有機物質(zhì),導致測量同位素的誤差。激光同位素分析儀生產(chǎn)商已經(jīng)開(kāi)發(fā)了光譜診斷軟件以標記水樣品中污染的程度,可以修正帶有污染物的水同位素測量誤差。本文中,我們采用了Los Gatos Research公司...
發(fā)布時(shí)間:
2011
-
10
-
24
瀏覽次數:56
GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH LETTERS, VOL. 37, L09401, doi:10.1029/2010GL043228, 2010 不同植被蓋度蒸散分解:穩定同位素技術(shù)的評估 Lixin Wang,1 Kelly K. Caylor,1Juan Camilo Villegas,2,3,4 Greg A. Barron‐Gafford,4,5 David D. Breshears,2,4,5 and Travis E. Huxman4,5 1普林斯頓大學(xué)環(huán)境工程系,普林斯頓,新澤西,美國2 亞利桑那大學(xué)自然資源與環(huán)境系,圖森,亞利桑那,美國3 Grupo GIGA, Facultad de Ingenier?´a, Universidad de Antioquia, Medellín, Colombia.4生物圈2號,亞利桑那大學(xué),圖森,亞利桑那,美國5亞利桑那大學(xué)生態(tài)與進(jìn)化生物學(xué)系,圖森,亞利桑那,美國 摘要:在水分限制的生態(tài)系統中,分割生態(tài)系統尺度蒸散通量(植物蒸騰與土壤蒸發(fā))存在理論和技術(shù)上的挑戰。我們使用了生物圈2號的玻璃屋以評估不同植被蓋度梯度的蒸騰分割‐水汽穩定同位素(Delta D)的表面波動(dòng)。我們采用了激光穩定同位素分析儀與Keeling圖方法進(jìn)...
發(fā)布時(shí)間:
2011
-
09
-
21
瀏覽次數:45
二氧化碳同位素分析儀用于CO2封存項目泄露的監測Ian McAlexander,? Greg H. Rau,? Jimmy Liem,? Thomas Owano,? Ray Fellers,? Douglas Baer,?? Los Gatos Research, 67 East Evelyn Avenue, Suite 3, Mountain View, California 94041, United States? 加州大學(xué)海洋科學(xué)系,Santa Cruz, California 95064, United States 摘要:在監測地下CO2儲存的泄露監測中,野外自容的CO2同位素分析儀可以用于區分來(lái)自生物來(lái)源和燃料來(lái)源產(chǎn)生的CO2(CO2測量精度為0.05 ppm,δ13C 0.2‰)。分析儀連接了多路器以進(jìn)行多點(diǎn)氣體的同步采集。實(shí)驗地點(diǎn)位于Zero Emissions Research and Technology (ZERT) site (Bozeman, Montana, July 14-22, 2009)。遠離CO2釋放位置,我們觀(guān)測了生態(tài)系統的日變化,Keeling曲線(xiàn)表明CO2源(δ13C = -27.0±0.5‰),這與當地的C3植被的同位素比值是一致的。泄露位置附近的進(jìn)樣口測量表明,C...
發(fā)布時(shí)間:
2011
-
07
-
26
瀏覽次數:75
湖北宜昌西陵峽地區大氣降雨氫氧同位素特征分析武亞遵1,萬(wàn)軍偉1,林云2 1. 中國地質(zhì)大學(xué)環(huán)境學(xué)院,武漢; 2. 中國科學(xué)院水利部成都山地災害與環(huán)境研究所,成都摘要: 通過(guò)測定湖北宜昌西陵峽地區2009 年5 月至10 月降雨樣品的氫氧同位素組成,分析了該區降雨的氫氧同位素特征及其與降雨量的關(guān)系,并與區內2007 年同期的降雨同位素資料進(jìn)行了對比。結果表明,該區大氣降雨線(xiàn)公式為: δ( D) =8. 45δ( 18O) +11. 55,與全球降雨線(xiàn)和全國降雨線(xiàn)公式相比,斜率和截距均偏大,這與凝結物在未飽和大氣中降落時(shí)受到非平衡蒸發(fā)的影響、重同位素的快速富集有關(guān); 區內降雨的氘盈余d 值平均值較全球的略低,d 值波動(dòng)范圍較小且比較集中,說(shuō)明該區大氣降雨的水蒸汽在源區的蒸發(fā)速率較慢,且降雨的水蒸汽來(lái)源較單一、降雨條件不甚復雜。次降雨同位素的降雨量效應不明顯,但持續時(shí)間較長(cháng)降雨的同位素比率與降雨量呈顯著(zhù)的負相關(guān)關(guān)系。與2007 年同期降雨相比,2009 年降雨的δ( 18O) 和δ( D) 均出現了富集,但d值平均值偏小,表明2009 年降雨的水蒸汽來(lái)源路徑較短,且水蒸汽來(lái)源地濕度較大,這可能與水庫水位上升引起的水域面積變大,水面蒸發(fā)加強、空氣濕度變大等局地氣候環(huán)境變化有關(guān)。本文采用Los Gatos液態(tài)水穩定同位素分析儀(型號:908-0008) 湖北宜昌西陵峽地區...
發(fā)布時(shí)間:
2011
-
07
-
26
瀏覽次數:48
Anal. Chem. 2001, 73, 4145-4153A Bacterial Method for the Nitrogen IsotopicAnalysis of Nitrate in Seawater and FreshwaterD. M. Sigman,*,? K. L. Casciotti,? M. Andreani,? C. Barford,§ M. Galanter,? and J. K. Bo1hlke^Department of Geosciences, Guyot Hall, Princeton University, Princeton, New Jersey, 08544, Magiste`re de Sciences de laTerre, EÄ cole Normale Supe´rieure de Lyon, 46 Alle´e d'Italie, Lyon, France 69364, Department of Earth and AtmosphericSciences, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA 02138, and U.S. Geological Survey, 431 National Center, Reston, VA 20192 N...
發(fā)布時(shí)間:
2011
-
07
-
26
瀏覽次數:72